Dr. Marilyn Kourilsky and Dr. Al Osborne, co-founders of the Institute for the Study of Educational Entrepreneurship (ISEE), convened the first ISEE Think Tank to focus on the topics of educational entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship. The rationale for convening this event was driven by a growing recognition that the worlds of education and entrepreneurship are converging. ISEE itself is an example, as it is a partnership between UCLA's Graduate School of Education and Information Studies and the Anderson School. Unfortunately, most current academic research in the area tends to focus either on education or entrepreneurship ? with almost no attention given to the interaction of the two fields. The Think Tank addressed this gap in the research by inviting eight presenters, all foremost scholars in their fields, to write thought-provoking white papers that probe the policy issues and potential impact on policy-making associated with social and educational entrepreneurship. Seventeen participants, drawn from regional and national government organizations, educationally oriented entrepreneurs, and other leading education and entrepreneurship faculty and administration, were invited to review the presenters' papers, provide feedback and join in the ensuing discussions. Together, the presenters and participants addressed the following sets of guiding questions:

1. What is the potential impact of educational entrepreneurship (both for profit and not-for-profit) on public school reform in general, and on urban school reform in particular? What are some of the key issues to consider?

2. Can 'social impact' be compatible with 'for profit' wealth creation? How does a social entrepreneur manage the trade-offs? Under what conditions are both goals aligned, and under what conditions are they in conflict?

The goals of the Think Tank were three-fold: 1) to encourage thought-provoking discussion among the presenters and a select group of participants who represent leading researchers in and practitioners of social and educational entrepreneurship; 2) to formulate a research agenda for social and educational entrepreneurship; and 3) to formulate guidelines for curricula to foster the knowledge and skills of educational leaders and entrepreneurs.

The format of the Think Tank was that each presenter had the opportunity to present his or her paper and then address questions presented by the participants. Participants also provided suggestions for paper modifications and enhancements. On the second day, presenters and participants were divided into two groups to discuss the following two questions: 1) What types of research would prove most beneficial for informing future policy decisions by education, business, and government leaders? and 2) What skills, knowledge, and experiences would assist school leaders and entrepreneurs in fostering innovative initiatives and approaches at schools to meet the changing needs of students and society?